Mood Disorders

Mood disorders include, for instance:

• Major depressive disorder — extreme melancholy that lasts for extended periods of time.

• Bipolar disorder — a depression that alternates between periods of depression and mania is known as manic depression or bipolar affective disorder.

• Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) — is a type of depression most commonly linked with fewer daylight hours between late fall to early spring in the far northern and southern latitudes.

• Cyclothymic disorder — a condition that results in less intense emotional ups and downs than bipolar disorder.

• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder — mood swings and irritability that appear during a woman's premenstrual phase and subside with the start of menses.

• Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia) — an extended (chronic) type of depression.

• Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder — a condition characterized by persistent, severe, and long-lasting irritability in children, frequently accompanied by numerous temper tantrums that are out of character for the child's developmental stage.

• Depression related to medical illness — a persistent lack of excitement in most or all activities, together with a persistently low mood, that is caused by the physical side effects of another medical condition.

• Depression brought on by substance use or medication ― is characterized by depressive symptoms that surface immediately or soon after using drugs, going through withdrawal, or taking medication.